By: Aymon Choudhury, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 APPE questions: How did your APPE rotations shape you, both professionally and personally? APPE rotations helped my transformation from a student into a clinician by shifting my focus from textbook theory to real-world clinical decision-making and interprofessional collaboration. Though I had baseline knowledge from previous classes, I learned…

By: Archana Murugan, PharmD Candidate c/o 2029 Overview Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by insufficient or absent insulin secretion leading to high blood sugar levels in the body. Diabetes is mainly characterized by two types: type 1 and type 2. In type 1, the body makes insufficient or no insulin and the immune system…

By: Aymon Choudhury, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) includes three clinical conditions: unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). These conditions are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring rapid diagnosis, timely intervention with reperfusion, guideline-directed drug therapy, coordinated transitions of care between healthcare…

By: Asmaa Hassanin, PharmD Candidate c/o 2026, Muskan Basra, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027, Madelyn Lombardo, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027, Aine Chen, PharmD Candidate c/o 2028  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterised by repeated episodes of partial (hypopnea) or complete (apnea) upper airway blockage while sleeping. These repeated episodes lead to abrupt…

By: Maimuna Maula, PharmD Candidate c/o 2026    Your sixth year of pharmacy is unlike any other. Although you are still technically a student, you no longer have routine classes. Instead, this is a year meant for you to explore pharmacy beyond the classroom before you graduate and commit to one specific area. I had…

By: Amanda Kastel, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 On September 22, 2025, President Donald Trump and HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. held a press conference that sparked widespread confusion among medical professionals and the public. Roughly three minutes into the briefing, President Trump announced that the FDA would notify physicians about a “very increased risk”…

By: Aymon Choudhury, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Most people consider the emergency department (ED) a chaotic environment, where physicians and nurses scramble to efficiently treat patients under intense pressure. However, many are unaware of the significant contributions pharmacists make in this setting. In the fast-paced and unpredictable world of emergency medicine (EM), pharmacists bring specialized…

By: Sharupa Azmal, PharmD Candidate c/o 2026, Sarah El-Rowmeim, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027, Akhila Ajith Kumar, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027, & Sophia Migias, PharmD Candidate c/o 202 Introduction Real-world evidence (RWE) is defined as clinical findings regarding the use, benefits, and risks of a drug outside of traditional clinical trials.1 These insights are derived from…

By: Sariah Grant PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Color additives have long played a crucial role in the appearance and appeal of many foods and pharmaceutical products.1 From vibrant candies to easily identifiable medications, synthetic dyes such as Food, Drug and Cosmetics (FD&C) Red Dye No.3, have been used for decades. However, growing concerns over its safety…

By: Nivaj Haque PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing significant changes in the background as new government policies are affecting the development, approval, and sale of drugs. These changes are affecting the staffing at the regulatory agencies, drug pricing, and international trade. They are also affecting pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers and patients…

By: Rosa Kang PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Dr. Aaron Muth, Ph.D., is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. He has been teaching medicinal chemistry at St. John’s University as Assistant Professor since 2016 and Associate Professor since 2022. In 2024, he was  appointed the Director of the Master of Science in…

By: Jennalynn Fung, PharmD candidate c/o 2025 Dr. Hyunah Cho, Ph.D., an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, was awarded a $745,000 R16 Sure-First grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS). Her research is focused on developing nano-based optical imaging agents as prospective tools for brain imaging. If applied clinically,…

By: Rosa Kang PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Summer is a time of endless possibilities. During this time, St. John’s University offers a program for its students who are interested in pursuing research: The Summer Research Program! Here are just a few of the many experiences from the professors and students who are participating in this…

By: John Ortiz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2025 What is a Blood Transfusion? A blood transfusion is a procedure where donated blood is intravenously administered to a patient. Generally, it is used to treat patients who are experiencing blood loss or a deficiency of integral blood components. In the United States, there are 21 million blood transfusions…

Featuring: Nadim Ahmed, President and CEO, Cullinan Oncology By: Sairah Skeikh, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Nadim Ahmed is the President and Chief Executive Officer at Cullinan Oncology. He has always had an interest in oncology and the opportunity to help cancer patients and their families, which is demonstrated in his extensive prior experience working in…

By: Carolina Vargas, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024, Zoha Khalid, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024, and Nashfa Zaman, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Graduating from pharmacy school is a monumental achievement, marking the culmination of years of hard work and dedication. However, this milestone comes with financial burdens that aspiring pharmacists must be prepared for. This article will…

Featuring: Frances Alexis Dela Cruz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 By: Celestine Van Sertima, PharmD Candidate c/o 2027 Frances Alexis Dela Cruz is a driven and dedicated PharmD candidate at St. John’s University who is anticipated to graduate in 2024. With a focus on pharmacy studies, Frances exhibits a passion for the pharmaceutical field and is…

By: Sarah Adly, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Applying to advanced professional pharmacy experience (APPE) rotations can be a daunting experience. After all, this is the last opportunity most pharmacy students have to deeply  explore their interests. But not to worry! As someone who was in your shoes a year ago, I will let you in…

By: Urooj K. Malik, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 On May 3, 2023, the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Arexvy (RSVPreF3), the first vaccine to combat respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for adults aged 60 and older.1 Overview of RSV RSV is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms that…

Featuring: Fawad Piracha, PharmD, MBA, IgCP By: Holly Nguyen, PharmD Candidate ℅ 2024 Fawad Piracha is a ‘16 alumnus of the St. John’s University PharmD program and has since had a storied career. Dr. Piracha is the second of four family members who  graduated from St. John’s University’s College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (read…

Featuring: Nicole Cernaro, PharmD, PGY-2 Pediatric Pharmacy Resident By: Urooj K. Malik, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Nicole Cernaro is a PGY-2 Pediatric Pharmacy Resident at St. Peter’s University Hospital located in New Brunswick, New Jersey. She recently completed her PGY-1 pharmacy residency from St. Peter’s University Hospital as well. Nicole earned her Doctorate in Pharmacy…

Featuring: Urooj K. Malik, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 By: Isabelle Lim, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Urooj is a sixth-year pharmacy student at St. John’s University. Throughout her time at St. John’s Urooj has held positions in organizations like the American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists, Phi Lambda Sigma, International Society of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes, Lambda Kappa…

Congratulations to the sixth-year pharmacy students for graduating and to the rest of the student body for completing another year of pharmacy school! I am humbled and honored to announce my new position as the Editor-in-Chief of the Rho Chi Post for the upcoming year. It is with the continued dedication of the Editorial Team…

On behalf of the Rho Chi Post, we are excited to announce our Inaugural LEADS Initiative Edition of the Rho Chi Post Newsletter. The LEADS Initiative is a pilot program, in collaboration with the Rho Chi Honor Society – Beta Delta Chapter, looking to promote the professional development of younger pharmacy students by pairing them…

Featuring: Vassilia Plakas, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 and Frances Alexis Dela Cruz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024By: Isabelle Lim, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 *Meet Vassilia (Lia) Plakas Lia is a fifth-year pharmacy student and the current President of the Rho Chi Honor Society – Beta Delta Chapter. Lia decided to pursue pharmacy as a result of…

By: Jennifer Galvet, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases expressed on the cell surface of both developmental and adult cells. Aberrant expression of FGFRs has been implicated in a wide variety of cancers and is considered an oncogenic signaling pathway.1 FGFRs are activated by…

By: Yu Jeng Lee, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023               Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also referred to as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects both the upper motor neurons (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN). This disease causes muscle weakness, which progresses to disability, and subsequently death, primarily due to respiratory failure.1,2 …

Featuring: Kamran Khan, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023By: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023 Kamran Khan is a sixth-year pharmacy student at St. John’s University. Growing up, Kamran had a lot of family members in healthcare, instilling an interest in medicine from an early age. While at St. John’s, Kamran got to experience many different career…

By: Brian Chung, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024, Peter Chung, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024, and Kevin Kim, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer that affects an individual’s plasma cells. Plasma cells are white blood cells located in the bone marrow that are responsible for producing antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins.1  Immunoglobulins…

By: Sairah Sheikh, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 ​              As Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases started to decrease in the United States (US), many Americans breathed a sigh of relief. However, on May 17, 2022, fear of a new infectious disease struck the nation. The first case of the monkeypox outbreak in the US was reported…

Featuring: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023By: Isabelle Lim, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Justin Budz is a sixth-year pharmacy student at St. John’s University. While at St. John’s, Justin participated in multiple organizations, which ultimately led him to discover the career path he wanted to pursue. Most notably, Justin served as the Development and Outreach…

By: Nancy Yousry, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               Vitamin D is a multifaceted nutrient needed to maintain homeostasis and proper health. In addition to its role in building and maintaining healthy bones, vitamin D also regulates many important cellular functions in the body, serving as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and neuroprotective agent.1 In general, the two…

By: Jennifer Galvet, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               Farxiga (dapagliflozin) is a first-in-class, oral, once daily sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor indicated for improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D), reducing the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death and hospitalization in heart failure (HF), and reducing the risk of sustained eGFR decline in chronic kidney…

Featuring: Amanda Murray, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 and Laura Cranston, B.S.PharmBy: Ashley Dao, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024 Alumni Insider’s View (AIV) is an annual program held in Washington D.C. that provides students from St. John’s University with the opportunity to explore nontraditional career pathways in pharmacy. Students are able to network with pharmacists that hold…

By: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023               Diabetes mellitus encompasses both chronic and reversible conditions that affect the body’s ability to utilize glucose. In 2019, about 28.7 million (8.7%) people in the United States (US) had diagnosed diabetes. Of this population, about 1.6 million (5.7%) people ages 20 or older and 244,000 (0.9%) people…

Featuring: Christina Swiger, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023By: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023 Christina Swiger is a sixth-year pharmacy student at St. John’s University. Christina was inspired to pursue a career in healthcare by her mother who is a store manager at a community pharmacy. Growing up, Christina was able to aid in the care…

Featuring: Colleen Bond, PharmD, BCPSBy: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023 At a young age, Dr. Colleen Bond was involved in the care of a close relative, gaining early exposure to the healthcare team dynamic. The one question that no one was able to clearly answer was how medications were able to work in the…

By: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023                  In the United States (US), heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women of most racial and ethnic groups, followed by cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).1 About 659,000 people in the US die from heart disease each year, which encompasses about 1 in…

Featuring: Nicole Maisch, BS, PharmDBy: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023 Growing up with close relatives in healthcare, Dr. Nicole Maisch was inspired to pursue a career in pharmacy practice. Dr. Maisch graduated from Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences with her PharmD and then completed a PGY1 residency at the University of Massachusetts…

By: Kirby An, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023               Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) is a virus that took the world by storm with its initial discovery in Wuhan, China in December of 2019. On January 20, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) confirmed the first case of Covid-19 in the United States (US) after a 35…

By: Aamir S. Dave, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023 Judith L. Beizer, PharmD, BCGP, FASCP, AGSF Alzheimer’s and Dementia              Dementia is characterized by the loss of memory and other cognitive abilities that interfere with daily life. Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disease and is the most common type of dementia, accounting for greater than 60-80%…

By: Justin Budz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023              On January 19th, 2020, a 35-year-old man in an urgent care clinic in Snohomish County, Washington was the first to be confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to be infected with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2…

By: Fatima Amjad, PharmD candidate c/o 2022              Pharmacists have truly taken on the role of superhero during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As of April 6, 2022 more than 239.1 million COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered by community pharmacies across the United States.1 Community pharmacists have gone above and beyond immunizing eligible…

By: Natalia Jucha, PharmD Candidate c/o 2022 and Helen Li, PharmD Candidate c/o 2023              Celiac disease is classified as an autoimmune disorder and occurs in individuals who cannot tolerate gluten. Dietary gluten induces an immune response and causes damage to the small intestine, particularly the duodenum and proximal jejunum. A small peptide called gliadin,…

By: Ashely Dao, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               In early 2021, about 6 in 10 American adults had a chronic disease. Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in the United States with 1 in 3 deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVD).¹ The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has emphasized the impact…

By: Daniel Levin, PharmD candidate c/o 2022               Depression is a terrible beast of an illness to battle with, and there are nearly 14 million individuals at any given moment fighting it. Only around 50% of patients struggling with depression will get some form of treatment. Sixty to seventy percent of patients who do get…

By: Jun Suh Hong, PharmD candidate c/o 2022               Aspirin belongs to a class of medications called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Known by many for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its association with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, aspirin plays an essential role in stroke prevention. As such, it has a crucial role in…

By: Pallak Sharma, PharmD Candidate c/o 2022 and Mia Cord-Cruz, PharmD Candidate c/o 2022               Ketamine (Ketalar®) is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as a general anesthetic, with additional indications listed within its package insert.1 Ketamine is a highly abused “street drug”, especially in China. To demonstrate, in Hong…

By: Sharon Joseph PharmD Candidate c/o 2022 and Salma Hewady, PharmD               Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a single-stranded retrovirus that attacks the immune system, predisposing the host to opportunistic infections and malignancies. If not properly treated, HIV can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Goals of therapy include restoration of immune function, suppression of…

By: Mandy Zheng, PharmD Candidate c/o 2024               “Where can I find Zantac?”. From April 2020 to May 2021, the answer was, you cannot. On April 1, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ordered for all ranitidine (Zantac®)- containing products to be removed from the U.S. market.¹ Ranitidine was a popular over-the-counter (OTC) and…