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The function and efficacy of pimavanserin (Nuplazid®) ...
April 1, 2017 - Clinical , Featured By: Jonathan Mercado, PharmD Candidate c/o 2019 – In April 2016, the FDA approved the first drug specifically indicated for the symptoms of psychosis associated with Parkinson’s disease (PDP).1 Currently, clozapine and quetiapine are used off label to treat symptoms associated with Parkinson disease such as voices in patients’ heads, various hallucinations and delusions. In… |
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The Importance of Inhaler Education: A Comprehensive Re...
February 1, 2017 - Clinical , Featured By: Jack (Hongkai) Bao, PharmD Candidate c/o 2018 – Inhalers are one of the most prescribed therapies used to treat respiratory disorders in patients. Anticholinergics, β-agonists, and corticosteroids are all packaged into a miniature device that patients must use correctly every time to ensure delivery of their medication. To complicate matters, a myriad of inhaler… |
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Evaluating Pharmacy Curriculum Outcomes Assessment and ...
February 1, 2017 - Clinical , Featured By: Zachary Piracha, PharmD Candidate c/o 2017 – BACKGROUND The pharmacy profession is constantly fortified by an ever-evolving process by which students of pharmacy become practicing healthcare providers licensed in their respective states. The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) carefully regulates the dissemination of tests as well as the shifting forms of administration… |
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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Physiological Progression and...
February 1, 2017 - Clinical , Featured By: Omar Rahman, PharmD Candidate c/o 2017 – Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is a unique skin disease that may be due to an infection, a response to medication, or other idiopathic causes. It is uncommon, as there are approximately only 20,000 cases worldwide annually. The etiology confirms that about half of the cases are in reaction to… |
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The Relationship Between Blueberry Supplementation and ...
February 1, 2017 - Clinical , Featured By: Amy Nguyen, PharmD Candidate c/o 2020 and Alex Chu, PharmD Candidate c/o 2019 – One of the most common problems with aging is the ability to maintain brain function. Dementia is a collective term describing conditions revolving the impairment of various brain functions. Patients with dementia often experience progressive behavioral and neurological changes that… |
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Brexpiprazole: A Novel Antipsychotic for Major Depressi...
October 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Nicollette Pacheco, Staff Editor [Graphics-focused] – Brexpiprazole (REXULTI®) is a novel atypical antipsychotic that was approved in July 2015 for the adjunctive treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and as monotherapy in schizophrenia.1 Brexpiprazole is a serotonin-dopamine activity modulator with partial agonism at serotonergic 5HT1α and dopaminergic D2 receptors, as well as potent antagonism… |
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A Primer on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)...
March 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Svetlana Akbasheva, Section Editor (Clinical) – Despite the advances in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the incidence of HIV transmission remains alarmingly high, with about 50,000 new cases arising every year in the United States alone.1 Recently, HIV management has turned its focus on prevention for high-risk, uninfected individuals in addition to… |
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Review of Thalidomide in Memory of Dr. Frances Oldham K...
February 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Kevin J. Choi, PharmD Candidate c/o 2016 – “Morning Sickness” – we have all heard of this term being associated with thalidomide, a drug particularly recognized for its antiemetic effect, but also for its notorious teratogenicity. However, it is worth re-familiarizing ourselves with the nature of the drug itself (and the clinical threats that… |
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The Reality behind a “Stone Heart”...
February 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Dimitrios Savva, PharmD c/o 2016 – Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (Afib) and heart failure. Digoxin inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, leading to an increase in intracellular sodium which in turn inhibits sodium-dependent calcium transport out of the cytoplasm and ultimately results in an increase in intracellular calcium.1 The… |
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The Effect of Acetaminophen on Emotional Pain...
January 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Nicollette Pacheco, Staff Editor (Graphics-focused) – Acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic, has been widely used to relieve minor aches and pains since the 1950s. The drug exhibits these effects by inhibiting the enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, and acts in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.1 While acetaminophen is currently indicated for the relief… |
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Appropriate Use of Antiepileptic Drugs for Prophylaxis ...
January 1, 2016 - Clinical , Featured By: Anthony Vecchione, PharmD Candidate c/o 2016 – Seizures are a well-described complication of acute brain injury and neurosurgery. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are frequently utilized for seizure prophylaxis in neurocritical care patients, but this practice is controversial because of the possible adverse effects of these drugs (which can affect patient outcomes). Practitioners have prescribed AEDs… |
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Antipsychotic-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder...
December 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Cyril Collantes, PharmD Candidate c/o 2016 – Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by two predominant psychiatric components: obsession and compulsion. Obsession refers to the uncontrolled and recurrent thoughts, impulses, or images that can provoke significant anxiety, whereas compulsions are repetitive behaviors or rituals in response to the obsessive thought(s). OCD is clinically significant if… |
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FDA Approves Vorapaxar...
August 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Azia Tariq, Section Editor – Myocardial infarctions, more commonly known as heart attacks, are prevalent in the United States. Each year, approximately 720,000 Americans suffer a heart attack.1 The approval of vorapaxar by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) presents an additional treatment option for patients at high risk for myocardial infarction and stroke.1,2… |
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A Link Between Genetics and the Treatment Prognosis of ...
July 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Jacqueline Meaney, PharmD [PGY-1 Resident at Gainesville VAMC in Florida] – Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder that is characterized by feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, and an inability to experience pleasure in activities that were enjoyable in the past.1 Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent mental disorders among adults… |
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Is SAM-E an Effective Treatment for Fibromyalgia?...
June 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Jacqueline Meaney, PharmD [PGY-1 Resident at Gainesville VAMC in Florida] – Fibromyalgia is a syndrome of chronic pain that affects the musculoskeletal system. Typical symptoms include pain, stiffness, fatigue, insomnia, and tenderness over specific areas. Active depression is seen in one-third of patients with fibromyalgia, and a lifetime history of depression is seen in… |
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Understanding and Managing Diabetic Peripheral Neuropat...
May 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Tamara Yunusova, Senior Staff Editor – Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, burdening almost 50% of the diabetic population.1 While diabetic neuropathy is a broad term that may refer to a spectrum of autonomic, focal, proximal and peripheral neuropathies, it is generally characterized by poor gait and abnormal cold/heat sensations.… |
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The Dilemma of Using Beta-Blockers in Patients with COP...
April 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Syed Arafath, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015, AMSCOP at LIU – Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the United States, behind heart disease and cancer.1 Many patients with COPD often present with multiple-organ dysfunction, especially cardiovascular disease.2,3 COPD and heart failure frequently coexist in approximately 30% of cases… |
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Use of Thiamine for Wernicke’s Encephalopathy in Alco...
March 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Jacqueline Meaney, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015, University at Buffalo: School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences – Chronic alcohol consumption may lead to a deficiency in thiamine (Vitamin B1), which can lead to alcohol-induced brain damage. Since thiamine is a cofactor for essential pathways in the brain, decreased levels of thiamine in the body can… |
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Aspirin in High Risk CV Patients Using COX-2 Inhibitors...
February 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Nancy Rizkalla, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015 – NSAIDs are effective agents used in the management of several types of pain. They mitigate the negative effects of inflammation by inhibiting two key enzymes called cyclooxygenase (COX)—COX-1 and COX-2—and their subsequent products. However, the inhibition of these enzymes’ other beneficial functions is associated with negative side… |
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Case Report: Correlation between the Use of Weight Loss...
January 1, 2015 - Clinical , Featured By: Luxi Wang, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015, Lev Gurevich, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015, and Gladys El-Chaar, PharmD, Clinical Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, St. John’s University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences – Case Presentation A 17-year-old female presented to the ED after experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure with loss of consciousness lasting 5 minutes… |
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The Difference in Guanfacine Formulations for ADHD...
December 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Katharine Cimmino, Editor-in-Chief – Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common pediatric psychiatric disorder, and it affects the education, social interactions, and over-all wellbeing of both children and adolescents.1 Symptoms of ADHD can persist into adulthood, and those with this disorder are more likely to suffer from other mental health co-morbidities.2 According to guidelines… |
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Off-Label Antidepressant Use in Pediatric Patients with...
November 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Jacqueline Meaney, PharmD Candidate c/o 2015, University at Buffalo: School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences — Psychotropic medications are typically used in conjunction with cognitive behavioral therapy to treat behavioral problems that affect children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Symptoms of ASD typically include a need for routines (change intolerance), difficulty with verbal and… |
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Anticoagulation in Pregnant Women: Which Medications ar...
October 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Diana Gritsenko, PharmD Candidate 2015 – Multiple complications can arise during pregnancy. While venous thromboembolism (VTE) has a prevalence rate of just 0.06% it is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. It is recommended that at-risk pregnant women receive anticoagulation therapy for a minimum of 3 months and VTE prophylaxis for the… |
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HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis...
September 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Elissa Tam PharmD Candidate c/o 2015 – HIV/AIDS continues to be a persistent problem in the United States and in various countries around the world. In 2010 alone, there were around 47,500 new HIV infections in the United States with about 1.1 million Americans living with HIV at the end of 2010.1 When left… |
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Reservoir of Migraine Therapies Includes Analgesics, AE...
September 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By Davidta Brown, Senior Staff Editor – The pain, nausea, and light or sound sensitivity that comprise a migraine attack afflict more than 10% of individuals around the world, easily making migraines one of the most globally debilitating diseases of the present day.1 According to the International Headache Society (IHS), migraines are defined by both… |
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Pediatric Hypertension...
August 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Anthony Botte and Tyler Valente, PharmD Candidates c/o 2016 – Diseases which are prevalent within the pediatric population require distinct protocols for treatment accompanied by the utmost care and precision. Pediatric hypertension (HTN) is one disease state in particular that has come to the forefront of medical practice in the United States over the… |
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Recent Advances in HIV Treatment...
July 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Jenny Park PharmD Candidate c/o 2015 – A series of broad HIV specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been isolated and been shown to bind to CD4 binding sites, V1/V2 loops, V3/V4 loops, glycans, and proximal external regions. It has been shown that administration of a “cocktail” of HIV-1 specific monoclonal antibodies along with single… |
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Antipsychotic Use in the Elderly with Dementia...
July 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Ada Seldin, Staff Editor – The overuse of antipsychotics in the nursing home population for off-label indications continues to impact patient safety. In 2005, the FDA issued a black box warning that stated, “The treatment of behavioral disorders in elderly patients with dementia with atypical antipsychotic medications is associated with increased mortality.” The evidence… |
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The Dangers of Intrathecal Baclofen...
June 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Ada Seldin, Staff Editor – Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is indicated for the treatment of intractable spasticity caused by spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, spinal ischemia or tumor, transverse myelitis, cervical spondylosis, cerebral palsy, and degenerative myelopathy.1 Baclofen inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal cord level by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from… |
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The Use of Topical Opioid Treatment for Pressure Ulcer ...
May 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Katharine Cimmino, Editor-in-Chief – Pressure ulcers can be a painful condition decreasing the quality of life of patients and prolonging hospital stays.1 About 10% of hospital inpatients and 26% of hospice admissions have pressure sores.2 Pressure ulcers are injuries that occur when pressure is applied for prolonged periods of time over bony prominences.1 There… |
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Riociguat (Adempas®) New Drug for Pulmonary Hypertens...
April 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Hayeon Na, Co-Copy Editor [Content-Focused] – On October 8th of 2013, Bayer’s new drug riociguat (Adempas®) was approved for the treatment of patients whose pulmonary hypertension (PH) belongs in WHO groups 1 and 4.1 Riociguat (Adempas®) is a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, and currently the only one of its kind on the market.… |
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Psychiatric Prescriptions in the Fight Against Juvenile...
March 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Davidta Brown, Senior Staff Editor – In August 2013, the results of a yearlong safety study were published in the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Psychiatry.1 The study, which followed the health status of about 43,000 youths aged 6 to 24, confirmed and built upon a previously noted trend in adults: that the… |
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Long Term PPI Use Heightens Concern of Associated Healt...
February 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Tamara Yunusova, Senior Staff Editor – Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) are acid-reducing agents that have multiple uses in the treatment and prophylaxis of conditions such as peptic ulcer diseases, H. Pylori infection, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, GERD, and NSAID gastroduodenal ulcers. Their versatility in treating a wide range of conditions, unparalleled efficacy over their Histamine-2-receptor antagonist… |
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BRD4 Inhibition Eliminates Malignant Peripheral Nerve S...
February 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Richard Chung, PharmD Candidate c/o 2017 – Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, otherwise known commonly as MPNST, is an aggressive sarcoma that can randomly form around peripheral nerves. Approximately 1 in 100,000 of the population is diagnosed with MPNST, with only 20-50% surviving five years after initial diagnosis.1 In addition, approximately half of the… |
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New Hepatitis C Drug Receives FDA Approval...
January 1, 2014 - Clinical , Featured By: Ada Seldin, Staff Editor – On November 22, 2013, simeprevir (Olysio®), a new agent to treat chronic hepatitis C, received approval under the FDA’s priority review program. Simeprevir is an NS3/4A protease inhibitor that blocks the replication of the hepatitis C virus. Two other drugs from the same class, boceprevir and telaprevir, which were… |
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The Use of Methadone in Neuropathic Pain...
January 1, 2014 - Clinical By: Neal Shah, PharmD, MD/PhD Student c/o 2021, West Virginia University School of Medicine – Methadone is a powerful long-acting mu-opioid agonist that has been traditionally used in the management of chronic pain, treatment of pain refractory to certain opioid agents, and maintenance of opioid addiction.1-5 While neuropathic pain is not traditionally linked to mu-opioid… |
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Newly Approved: Macitentan (Opsumit®)...
December 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Rebecca Gilene, PharmD Candidate c/o 2014, St. Louis College of Pharmacy – The FDA approved macitentan (Opsumit®) on October 18, 2013 for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension, often referred to as PAH, is a disease characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries between the heart and lungs. An increase… |
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Zecuity(TM): Novel Treatment Option for Migraines...
November 1, 2013 - Clinical By: Arya Mathew, PharmD Candidate c/o 2014 – About twelve percent of the U.S. population suffers from migraines, affecting adult women three times more than adult men. Migraines are returning attacks of moderate to severe, throbbing or pulsing pain, usually on one side of the head. Along with the severe pain, migraine sufferers also experience… |
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Ceftriaxone Induced Hemolytic Anemia...
November 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Samad Tirmizi, PharmD Candidate c/o 2014 – Hemolytic anemia (HA) is a type of anemia that occurs due to the breakdown of red blood cells. It is classified as intrinsic and extrinsic according to causative factors. Medication induced hemolytic anemia is an example of extrinsic, while genetic predisposition is an intrinsic factor. Drug induced… |
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Does Moxifloxacin Increase the Risk of Dysglycemia?...
November 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Nathan Trustman, PharmD Candidate c/o 2014, AMSCOP at LIU – The antibiotic class known as the fluoroquinolones is widely used in both outpatient and inpatient settings. They provide bactericidal effects by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes in bacteria. The systemic agents that are most commonly used in clinical practice include ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin,… |
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New Treatment for a Deficiency in Iron-Supplement Thera...
October 1, 2013 - Clinical By: Davidta Brown, Staff Editor – For the estimated 7.5 million individuals in the United States living with iron deficiency anemia (IDA), there is now a new alternative to iron supplements or time-consuming, repetitive infusions. On July 25, 2013, the FDA approved ferric carboxymaltose injection (Injectafer®) for the treatment of IDA, especially in patients who… |
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New Drug to Treat HIV-1 Hits the Market...
October 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Ada Seldin, Staff Editor – On August 12,2013, a new weapon against HIV-1 infection was added to the existing armada. Dolutegravir, the third integrase strand transfer inhibitor to attain FDA approval, targets a protein essential to HIV replication. HIV-1 is the predominant type of HIV virus, the other being HIV-2, which is endogenous to… |
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After 15 Years, First New Recombinant Coagulation Facto...
October 1, 2013 - Clinical By: Tamara Yunusova, Senior Staff Editor – After a lengthy fifteen-year hiatus in recombinant drug approvals, FDA-approved Recombinant Coagulation Factor IX (Rixubis) has mounted to the forefront of Hemophilia B drug therapy. The recombinant coagulation factor gained orphan drug approval on June 26, 2013 for routine prophylaxis, control of bleeding episodes, and perioperative management in… |
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Canagliflozin (Invokana®): New Type 2 Diabetes Drug...
October 1, 2013 - Clinical By: Sang Hyo Kim, Staff Editor – On March 29th 2013, the U.S Food and Drug Administration approved canagliflozin (Invokana®), a new form of a diabetic drug for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.1 Canagliflozin is in a new class of medications called sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and is the only oral, once-daily… |
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Nattokinase use in DVT prophylaxis...
October 1, 2013 - Clinical Samad Tirmizi, Pharm. D. Candidate c/o 2014 – Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a clot formation that occurs within deep veins, generally in the legs. This can cause swelling and pain due to the engorged vessels, and can eventually result in further complications such as a pulmonary embolism. Patients at high risk for DVT are… |
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Children, Codeine, and Cytochrome P-450...
September 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By Davidta Brown, Staff Editor – For post-operative pain treatment, few drugs are as trustworthy, as tried-and-true, as codeine. Prescriptive confidence in the analgesic has promoted its use in children recovering from uncomplicated surgeries, but the spate of injuries and deaths of young children who had been given codeine after undergoing adenotonsillectomies has provoked a… |
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A Close Concurrence on Certolizumab (Cimzia®)...
September 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Sang Hyo Kim, Staff Editor – This year, on July 23rd, FDA advisers voted 7 to 6, with one abstention, in favor of approving the drug certolizumab (Cimzia®) for the indication of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). axSpA is a chronic imflammatory condition that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spndyloarthristis (nr-axSpA).1,2 axSpA, AS and… |
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New Findings Regarding Cardiovascular Adverse Events wi...
August 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Aleena Cherian, Co-Copy Editor [Graphics-Focused] – Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurological behavior characterized by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactive behavior, resulting in a wide range of emotional, functional, and neurocognitive impairments.1,2 First line therapy for ADHD consists of stimulant medications together with non-pharmacologic interventions, and has been shown to improve… |
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Comparison of the New Oral Antithrombotics and Warfarin...
August 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By Omar Khalid Pharm.D. Candidate c/o 2014 – The outpour of a multitude of new oral anticoagulants in recent years has health care professionals questioning whether they should switch the patients over, and what new agents should be used. With the recent addition of dabigatran (Pradaxa®) in October 2010, rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) in November 2011, and… |
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Two New Agents for the Treatment of Obesity...
August 1, 2013 - Clinical , Featured By: Nathan Trustman, PharmD Candidate c/o 2013, AMSCOP at LIU – Obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater. It is thought to be the result of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, possibly due to a number of genetic and environmental factors.1 It is estimated… |